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China has emerged as a significant player in the global talc and titanium dioxide market, contributing to the production, consumption, and export of these essential minerals. Talc, also known as talcum powder, is a naturally occurring mineral that is widely used in various industries, including papermaking, plastics, rubber, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals. Titanium dioxide, on the other hand, is a white pigment that is primarily used in paints, coatings, plastics, and paper. Both minerals have unique properties that make them indispensable in numerous applications.

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For research published in 2022 study in the journal Food and Chemical Toxicology, scientists examined “the genotoxicity and the intracellular reactive oxygen species induction by physiologically relevant concentrations of three different TiO2 nanomaterials in Caco-2 and HT29-MTX-E12 intestinal cells, while considering the potential influence of the digestion process in the NMs’ physiochemical characteristics.” They found a “DNA-damaging effect dependent on the nanomaterial,” along with the micronucleus assay suggesting “effects on chromosomal integrity, an indicator of cancer risk, in the HT29-MTX-E12 cells, for all the tested TiO2 nanomaterials.” Researchers concluded that the results showcase “evidence of concern” regarding titanium dioxide used as a food additive.

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